The English Football Association confirmed on Sunday that Cole, 27, has been called up because Newcastle forward Carroll and Aston Villa striker Agbonlahor both suffered unspecified injuries playing for their clubs on Saturday.
Cole, who came on as a substitute for West Ham in Saturday's 0-0 draw against Blackpool, won the last of his seven England caps as a second-half substitute against Egypt in March.
Carroll played the whole of Newcastle's 0-0 draw with Fulham, although it is thought he may have suffered a groin injury in the process.
Agbonlahor started his first game against Manchester United on Saturday after missing nearly two months following groin surgery, but he sustained a knock and was withdrawn after 78 minutes.
Wayne Rooney, Jermain Defoe, Darren Bent and Bobby Zamora, Capello's main options up front, are all sidelined through injury at present.
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